Today we are going to talk about Types of eye colors. Our eye color is a polygenic phenotypic character that is determined by two different factors such as the frequency-dependence of light scattering and the pigmentation of the iris of the eye by the dirty medium in the iris stroma of the eye. So let us gather some more information about Types of eye colors.
The iris of our eye varies from light brown to black and the concentration of iris melanin depends on the iris pigment epithelium. No blue or green pigment is always present in the ocular fluid of human eyes. Our eye color is thus an example of constructive color. And that varies depending on the lighting conditions.
The bright colored eyes of many birds result from the presence of other pigments such as purines, pteridines and carotenoids. And there are many phenotypic differences in the color of the eyes of other animals and humans. The heredity and inheritance of its color in our eye is complex.
About 15 genes have been linked to eye color inheritance so far. Some human eye color genes include HERC2 and OCA2. The heredity of human eye color is so complex that almost any parent-child eye color combination can occur.
Types of Eye Color
Iris color can provide a large amount of information about a human and the classification of colors can be very useful in determining how it may react in documenting pathological changes. The classification of eye colors ranges from dark descriptions to detailed grading employing photographic standards for comparison.
1. Amber Eyes
This color also has a solid yellow, golden or copper color in the eyes. Amber Eyes do not have brown, green or orange color. People with amber eyes can be found in Asian, Spanish, South American or South African. Amber colored eyes change color and amber eyes have ripples and flecks.
Some people are seen with copper colored amber eyes which many people find to be a mistake for Hazel. However, in addition to the amber color, the eyes may also have a very small amount of gold-ash gray.
2. Blue Eyes
The blue color is considered to be the same as the inherited pattern and mental traits followed by the eyes. About 8% of the world's population has this type of color eyes. Research shows that people with this type of colored eye share a common ancestor. Ocular fluid does not show blue pigment. Dissection shows that the iris pigment is upper brownish black due to the presence of melanin.
Unlike brown eyes, blue eyes have lower concentrations of melanin in the iris stroma and in front of darker epithelium. People with blue eyes are commonly found in Eastern and Northern Europe and especially around the Baltic Sea. People with blue eyes are also found in Southern Europe, South Asia, Central Asia, North Africa and West Asia.
3. Brown Eyes
The relatively high concentration of melanin in brown-eyed humans results in iris stroma and absorbs light, both long and short. It is estimated that about 70-90% of the world's population has this type of colored eye. People with brown eyes are found in Europe, East Asia, Southeast Asia, South Asia, West Asia, Central Asia, Oceania, Africa and America.
4. Gray Eyes
This type of colored eye is also found in the Shawia people of Algeria in the Middle East, Central Asia and South Asia in northwestern Africa. About 3% of the world's population is believed to have gray eyes. It is suspected that gray eyes have lower levels of melanin than those with blue eyes.
This type of colored eye has dark epithelium at the back of the iris and relatively clear stroma at the front. People with gray color eyes have a large amount of collagen in the stroma. People with gray eyes have a different composition of stroma and scatter the light differently to create a mysterious silver color.
5. Green Eyes
Green eyes are most common in people from northern, western and central Europe. This type of color has a small amount of melanin in the eyes. And people with green eyes are very rare. People with these colored eyes make up about 2% of the population.
The color of this colored eye does not result only from the pigment of the rainbow. Green eyes have yellow pigment lipochrome. Green eyes are also found in tabby cats as well as animals such as Chinchilla Longhair. In Icelandic and Dutch adult studies, green eyes are more common in women than men.
6. Hazel Eyes
People with this type of colored eyes are second to most for melanin. But the pigment of Hazel color Eyes is centered on the edge of the rainbow. And hazel-colored eyes fill the center of the flecks in brown, gold, or green. These types of colored eyes are often seen changing color from brown to green. However, people with Hazel Eyes often have a mixture of brown and green. Hazel colored eyes can produce multicolored iris.
7. Red and Violet
The eyes of people with severe forms of albinism may appear red under certain lighting conditions due to the very low amount of melanin and which allows them to show through the blood vessels. In addition, flash photography can sometimes cause a "red-eye effect" in which very bright light from the flash reflects the retina, which is abundantly vascular, and causes the student's photograph to appear red. However the deep blue eyes of some people like Elizabeth Taylor may appear violet at certain times.
Eye Color Chart
Carleton Cooney created the Eye color chart using the original Martin scale. The following eye color chart is used in physical anthropology.
1. Light and Light-Mixed Eyes
Pure light (16–15 in Martin scale)
- Gray-15
- pure light blue-16
Light-Mixed (14–12 in Martin scale)
- Light-mixed (very light-mixed with small admixture of brown)-13,12
- Very light-mixed (blue with gray or green with gray or green)- 14
2. Dark and Dark-Mixed Eyes (6–1 in Martin scale)
- Dark , scale 4–1: very dark brown and dark brown
- Dark-mixed, scale 6-5: Brown with small admixture of light
3. Mixed eyes (11–7 in Martin scale)
When light and brown look at the same level, a combination of light eyes such as gray, blue or green with brown
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