Today we are going to talk about how hot the sun is & facts about the sun. We know the sun as a star at the center of our solar system. The sun covers almost the entire area of super-hot gases. The gravity of the sun holds the solar system together and the energy produced by it is found to be essential for life on earth. The sun is the driving force behind the earth's weather. So let's gather a little more information about how hot the sun is & facts about the sun.
The inside temperature of this star can reach about 15 million degrees Celsius. On the Sun, hydrogen is converted to helium, which is found to produce energy at its core by atomic fusion. The sun extends to the hot objects on it. Its surface temperature is found to be close to 5,600 degrees Celsius.
The age of this sun is about 4.6 Billion Years. Its type is the Yellow Dwarf. The diameter of the sun is about 1,392,684 km. The equatorial circumference of the Sun is about 4,370,005.6 km and the mass of the Sun is about 1.99 × 10 ^ 30 kg.
Fact About The Sun
This star has blended all the colors together. The sun looks white in everyone's eyes. The sun is composed of about 70% hydrogen and 28% helium. It is known as the main-order G2V star. This star is 109 times larger than Earth.
Its area is 11,990 times that of the Earth. The distance between the sun and the earth is equal to the astronomical unit. About 1 million Earths can fit inside this star. This star contains 99.86% of the mass in the Solar System.
The mass of this star is about 330,000 times that of Earth. The sun has about three quarters of hydrogen and most of the rest is mass helium. This star is almost full field.
There is a difference of 10 kilometers between its polar and equatorial diameters. So there is something close to the full field of the sun that is found in nature. When this star burns all its hydrogen, the sun will continue to make helium for another 130 years.
After the red huge phase of the sun it will break. The sun will keep up with its estimated mass of our planet. It takes eight minutes for the light of this star to reach the earth.
The average distance between the earth and this star is about 150 million kilometers. Its light travels at 300,000 kilometers per second. The Sun travels at about 220 kilometers per second.
It is 24,000-26,000 light years away from the center of the galaxy. It takes the star 225-250 million years to complete its orbit around the center of the Milky Way.
The distance between this star and the Earth changes throughout the year as the Earth travels in an elliptical orbit around the Sun. The distance between the earth and the sun varies from 147 to 152 million kilometers.
The star is currently in middle age. It has burned about half its hydrogen store. Hydrogen is left to burn in the sun for about 5 billion years. This star has a very strong magnetic field. The magnetic energy released by it during a magnetic storm causes solar flares which we know as sunspots.
This star produces solar wind. The sun travels through the solar system at a speed of about 450 kilometers per second and solar wind occurs when its magnetic field expands into space. Soul is Latin for this star.
Other Information About The Sun
Sunspots are areas of the star's surface that appear darker than surrounding areas because they are colder. Sunspots form in the field of strong magnetic activity that prevents heat transfer.
Solar flares tangle when the magnetic field near the sunspots crosses and can then be freed from the burst of energy. Solar flares intense solar flares can interfere with radio communications on Earth.
Layers of The Sun
1. Photosphere
There is an approximate mileage range for each level of the sun. This is the mileage from the base of the star to the inner layers. The mileage for the outer layers is from the surface of this star. The inner layers of the sun are the core, the radiative zone and the convection zone and its outer layers are the photosphere, chromosphere, transition zone and corona.
IRIS focuses its investigation of the sun on the chromosphere and the transition zone. The photosphere is the largest layer of this star that we can observe directly. The photosphere reaches about 250 miles above the visible surface in the center of the solar disk. The bottom temperature varies between about 6500 K and the top temperature 4000 K. Most of it is covered by granules.
2. Chromosphere
The chromosome is a chromosomal layer between 250 miles and 1300 miles above the star's surface. The minimum temperature in the Sun's chromosomes varies between about 4000 K and the maximum temperature 8000 K so in the chromosphere it gets really hot if you go farther away from this star and unlike the lower layers where you go closer to the center of this star is heated.
3. Transition Region
The transit zone of the sun is a very narrow layer between the chromosphere and the corona where the temperature suddenly rises from about 8000 to about 500,000 K.
4. Corona Sun
The corona is the outermost layer of this sun. The corona starts 1300 miles above the solar surface. Its temperature is 500,000 K or more. The corona is usually obscured by the bright light on the star's surface, making it difficult to see the corona without the use of special equipment. But corona can be seen during a solar eclipse.
Why Is The Corona So Dim?
The corona reaches very high temperatures so the corona looks very fuzzy. Corona is 10 million times smaller than the surface of this star. Its low density makes it much less bright than the surface of this star.
Why Is The Corona So Hot?
The very high temperature of the corona is a little secret. Astronomers have long been trying to solve the mystery of Corona. The corona is in the outer layer of the star's atmosphere and is very far from its surface. Yet it is hundreds of times hotter than the surface of the sun.
Coronal Loops And Streamers
The surface of this star is engraved in a magnetic field. The magnetic fields of this star affect the charged particles in the corona to create beautiful features. And corona includes streamers, loops and plums.
How Does The Corona Cause Solar Winds?
The corona stretches a lot in space and the solar wind comes from the corona that travels through our solar system. Its temperature causes the corona particles to move at very high Eds. This speed is so high that the particles of the corona can escape the gravity of this star.
What Is The Sun Made Of
This star is a large ball of gas and plasma. Most of the sun's gas is hydrogen. This gas is converted into energy rays at the origin of this star. This energy radiates from the inner layers of its atmosphere to the outside and is released into the solar system as heat and light.
Nuclear fusion creates the tremendous pressure and temperature of gravitational forces at the core of this star. The temperature of this star in nuclear fusion is about 27 million degrees Fahrenheit. The hydrogen atom compresses and fuses together and forms helium. This is called atomic fusion. As the gases heat up on the sun, the atoms break down into charged particles and convert the gas into plasma.
The energy of the sun is mostly carried in the form of gamma-ray photons and neutrinos, in the radiative zone. The convection zone is the outer layer of the inner part of this star. The convection zone is about 125,000 miles from the visible surface of the sun. Temperatures in this zone fall below 3.5 million degrees F and where hot plasma bursts into surface bubbles.
The sensory motions of the sun carry heat very quickly to the surface which is the lower layer of the atmosphere of this star and there the sun's rays are released as sunlight. Light travels through the outer layers of the star's atmosphere, chromosomes, and corona.
We do not normally see these layers of the sun but during the total solar eclipse the color chart looks like a red ray around this star and forms a white crown with white diffused plasma streams outside the corona.
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