Today we will talk about oceans. Here you will find some information about the five oceans on earth, such as the Pacific Ocean, the Atlantic Ocean, the Indian Ocean, the Southern Ocean, and the Arctic Ocean. 97% of the oceans on earth contain water, about 72% of which covers the oceans of salt water. The oceans of our planet are estimated to have formed during the Hadean period. These oceans were responsible for the emergence of life on earth.
In the oceans there are a variety of large and small fish. The remaining crabs, starfish, sharks, whales, etc. are found in the oceans. The smallest of these five oceans is the Arctic Ocean. And the deepest ocean is the Pacific Ocean.
In many oceans cool temperatures, high pressure and complete darkness are found. Some unusual creatures live in these oceans. These organisms do not need solar energy to survive, as they use chemicals from inside the earth.
Historically, there were supposed to be four oceans in the world, such as the Pacific, Atlantic, Indian and Arctic. But in many countries the Southern Ocean is also counted. These five oceans are responsible for influencing Earth's climate and weather patterns. These oceans also help maintain important carbon and water cycles on Earth.
Different marine organisms live in the shallow waters of the oceans and in the deep waters. Many small plant organisms live close to the surface because they use sunlight to produce food. That process is called phytoplankton. Almost all the animals in the oceans depend on these small plants directly or indirectly.
The sky reflects the blue color in the water so many people believe that the oceans are not blue but this is not really true. However, the main cause of the ocean water is blue or green color. Many people view these oceans as sources of food, minerals and energy.
Some surface areas of the oceans are also called mixed layers. Below this level is a layer of temperature difference, called the roofline. If the water in the oceans evaporates rapidly, the water becomes salty. Most of the oceans and plants live in the upper reaches of the oceans.
Here we talk about the five oceans of the world, their boundaries and dimensions, habitat and biodiversity, threats and other features.
- : The Pacific Ocean is the largest ocean in the world. The continent extends from the Arctic Ocean in the north to the South Ocean in the south and is connected to Asia in the west and the continent of Australia and America in the east. The Pacific Ocean is at the center of both the water hemisphere and the western hemisphere. The equator divides this ocean with two exceptions into the North Pacific Ocean and the South Pacific Ocean.- : The surface area of the Pacific Ocean is 165,250,000 km2 (63,800,000 sq mi). Its average depth is 4,280 meters and maximum depth is 10,911 meters. The water volume in this ocean is 710,000,000 km3 (170,000,000 cu mi). The ocean accounts for a third of the Earth's total surface area. In shallow waters off the coast of Australia and New Zealand, reserves of petroleum and natural gas have been discovered. In tropical waters, salmon, swordfish, herring, snapper, etc. are abundant in the Pacific waters.
- : Today, the ocean and its marine life are not safe because a large number of highly polluted rivers drain into the sea from Southeast Asian and East Asian countries. Those rivers fill the sea with harmful toxins. This drains drainage of fertilizers and pesticides from agricultural fields, sewers and industrial wastes in the ocean. This makes the sea a dead zone. Overfishing in the Pacific Ocean has greatly reduced its maritime wealth.
- : There are several major marginal seas in the western Pacific Ocean such as South China Sea, East China Sea, Japanese Sea, Okhotsk Sea, Philippine Sea, Coral Sea and Tasman Sea in the Pacific Ocean.
2. Arctic ocean
- : The Arctic Ocean is the shallowest ocean in all the oceans in the world. It is located in the arctic north polar region of the Northern Hemisphere. This is an almost circular basin of the ocean that is almost completely enclosed by fragmented land masses in North America, Eurasia, Greenland, and several smaller islands. This ocean is also known as the coldest ocean.
- : The average area of the Arctic Ocean is approximately 14,056,000 km2 (5,427,000 sq mi). And the length of its ocean is 45,390 km. Is. The maximum depth of the ocean is found to be 18,456 feet. Bering straits connect the Arctic Ocean and the Pacific Ocean, and the Greenland Sea and Labrador Sea connect the Arctic Ocean and the Atlantic Ocean.
- : The US, Canada, Iceland, Greenland, Norway and Russia are the countries bordering this ocean. Ports bordering the Arctic Ocean are: Barrow and Prudhoe Bay in Alaska, Churchill in Canada, Nanisivik and Inuvik, Nunek in Greenland, Kirkense, Verdi and Longyearbyen in Norway, and Murmansk, Tiksi and Pevek in Russia.
- : The ocean is located in a polar climate zone. Which is characterized by intense temperatures throughout the year. The coastal habitat of this ocean is a delicate ecosystem that is very susceptible to slight disruptions to the weather. The Arctic Ocean inhabits species such as whales and walruses. The Arctic Ocean also contains deposits such as petroleum and natural gas fields, polymetallic nodules and placer.
- : The Arctic Ocean is partly covered by snow but is almost completely covered in winter. According to the research it is found that the Arctic Ocean can become ice-free by 2040. This change will load large quantities of the ocean's saltwater. These changes will greatly affect the existing ocean currents and will also bring drastic changes to the global environment.
- : The surface temperature and salinity of this ocean varies according to the season as the ice cover melts and freezes. Due to low evaporation, heavy fresh water flow from rivers and rivers and limited connection, its salinity is on average the lowest in all oceans.
3. Atlantic ocean
- : The Atlantic Ocean covers about 20% of the Earth's surface. This ocean is the second largest ocean in the world's oceans. The oceans are bounded by landmasses in the west to North and South America and east to Asia and Africa. It is located on the north side of the ocean, the southern ocean on the south, the Pacific in the southwest, and the Indian Ocean in the southeast. The Atlantic Ocean is the deepest point.
- : The surface area of the Atlantic Ocean is 106,460,000 km2 (41,100,000 sq mi) and the North Atlantic surface is 41,490,000 km2 (16,020,000 sq mi) and the South Atlantic surface is 40,270,000 km2 (15,550,000 sq mi). The average depth of the ocean is 3,646 meters and the maximum depth is 8,376 meters. The water content of the Atlantic Ocean is 310,410,900 km3 (74,471,500 cu mi) and the coast length is 111,866 km.
- : The ocean's S-shaped basin extends eastward into Europe and Africa, and from America to the west. The Atlantic Ocean is so vast that its climate varies from north to south. The Gulf Stream and North Atlantic Drift are responsible for keeping most parts of north-western Europe and the British Isles warm when the coast of Newfoundland experiences extreme temperatures in Canada at the same latitude in the Atlantic Ocean.
- : The major contributing to the economy of many countries is the ocean. There are abundant petroleum deposits, precious stones, placer deposits and polymetallic nodules on the floor of the Atlantic Ocean. Herring is a commercially important fish species in this ocean.
- : Many rare and endangered species of marine life, such as sea turtles, whales, dolphins, manatees, seals, sea lions, live in the Atlantic Ocean. These oceans often endanger marine life because of oil spills, municipal sewage pollution, and industrial pollution, irresponsible and outdated fishing activities.
- : The oldest mention of the Atlantic Sea refers to the "sea beyond the pillars of Heracles" in the histories of the sixth-century Atlantic Pelagic and BC around BC. It is the part of the ocean that surrounds all the land. These appeared in the medieval map as fronts. The original meaning of the word Atlantic is mentioned specifically in the Atlas Mountains of Morocco and the Sea of Gibraltar and the coast of North Africa.
- : In the 19th century the term Ethiopian origin was applied to the southern Atlantic in the central part of the "Ethiopian Ocean". In ancient times Atlantic was known to English cartographers as the Great Western Ocean. In 1953, the international hydrographic ocean and ocean boundary were determined. Some of those definitions have been modified because some are not used by various authorities, organizations, and countries, for example the CIA. World Factbook. Accordingly, the extent and number of oceans and oceans vary.
- : The ocean is connected by the Denmark Strait, Greenland Sea, Norwegian Sea and Barents Sea and to the east by the Strait of Gibraltar. The ocean merges in the southeast Atlantic Indian Ocean. In the map after 1953 the South Ocean is bounded at 60 °. This ocean contains irregular seas indented by numerous creeks, gulfs and oceans.
4. Indian ocean
- : The Indian Ocean borders the Asian landmass to the north, the Indian Ocean to the east, Australia to the west, Africa to the west, and the Southern Ocean and Antarctica to the south. This ocean is the third largest ocean in the world. The major parts of the Indian Ocean are some of the largest marginal or regional oceans such as the Arabian Sea, the LacCadive Sea, the Somali Sea, the Bay of Bengal and the Andaman Sea.
- : The surface area of the Indian Ocean is 70,560,000 km2 (27,240,000 sq mi). The average height of this ocean is 3,741 meters and the maximum depth is 7,258 meters. The maximum length of the Indian Ocean is 9,600 km and the maximum width is 7,600 km. And the length of the shore is 1 66,526 km.
- : The Indian Ocean experiences a cool climate during the monsoon season and cyclones are common in the summer season. The Indian Ocean is also the hottest sea in the world. The warm tropical waters of the Indian Ocean support the diversity of life, and the abundance of phytoplankton and aquatic flora also supports a complex food chain. Fish from the Indian Ocean, especially tuna and shrimp, are sold in the world markets, which also disrupt the overfishing marine ecosystem.
- : The Indian Ocean has been known by its present name since 1515. When the Latin form was named the Indian Eastern Ocean. From the 15th century onwards, the Indian Ocean called it the western oceans by Chinese researchers. The sea is also known as the Indian Ocean and the Indian Ocean. People of ancient Indian culture used to call it the Indian Ocean or the great sea of the Indus.
- : In ancient Greek geography the Indian Ocean was known as the "Erythraean Sea". The Southern Ocean borders the Indian Ocean as described in 1953 by the International Hydrographic Organization. The north coast of the Indian Ocean does not include marginal seas, but in 2000 the IHO separately demarcated the South Ocean. It covers the northern boundaries. This ocean is bordered by the Atlantic Ocean.
- : The three countries with the longest shores and the exclusive economic zone include Australia, Indonesia and India. The continental shelf accounts for 15% of this ocean. 1.7 billion in countries bordering the Atlantic Ocean and 2.7 billion in the Pacific Ocean border countries, while the Indian Ocean borders more than two billion people. The oceans include marginal oceans, creeks and stripes.
5. Southern Ocean
- : The Antarctic Ocean is located south. The fourth largest ocean in the world's five oceans is the Antarctic Ocean. This land has no landmass on the northern border. Researchers have speculated that the Southern Ocean provides a large oil and gas reservoir. In this ocean precious minerals of gold, placer deposits, minerals such as manganese nodules are found. Icebergs in this ocean are considered as freshwater resources. This lasts for many months to every person on earth.
- : The surface of the Antarctic Ocean is 20,33,000 km. The average depth of the sea is 3200 m. The Antarctic Ocean has a width of 160 miles and a maximum width of 1600 miles. The ocean is covered with ice as thick as 2133 meters. If all of this melts, the level of the ocean will rise to 61 meters.
- : This ocean is the most dangerous sea for ships. But it is also home to a unique species. Here are some of the most notable species, such as penguins, orcas, whales, seals, giant squid, which are especially suited to weather conditions. Large numbers of migratory birds are found in the oceans and Antarctica in this ocean. There are species such as terns, gulls, albatrosses, squashes, petrels, etc.
- : The Antarctic ozone hole in the ozone layer of the southern ocean allows harmful UV rays to reach the coastal habitat. Reduces phytoplankton by 15%. In the 1770s James Cook proved that water is contained in the southern latitude of the world.
- : On July 24, 1919, the International Hydrographic Bureau, the precursor of the IHO, convened the first international conference and published it within the limits of the oceans. Since 1928, the boundaries of the Southern Ocean have gradually moved south, and since 1953, they have been excluded from official publication to set their limits. The General Chat Lounge was aired in the Draft Edition in 2002, and has been used by some IHOs and some other organizations such as the CIA World Fact book and Merriam-Webster.
- : A prize was established by the British Act of 1745 to find the northwestern route of the western and southern oceans of America. The National Geographic Society depicts the ocean in a different typeface from other world oceans. It shows the Pacific, Atlantic, and Indian oceans extending to Antarctica on its prints. Map publishers use the term Southern Ocean on their maps which includes Gianova.
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